Solution on Corporate Financial Management EasyJet Airline

Question: Part 1 An understanding and explanation of dividend theories and policy. The ability to extract and analyse data from a variety of sources. The quality of the analysis and proper use of relevant literature. The ability to research and write persuasively. Evidence of understanding as well as proper implementation and application of relevant ideas and theories. Coherent and logical conclusion. Part 2 Clear description of the firms business and financial risks. Analysis of the firms financial performance. Assessment of the firms debt capacity and sources of capital available to the firm. Recommendation of an optimal capital mix for the firm. Coherent and logical conclusion. Clarity and professionalism of presentation . Answer: Introduction An indispensible part of any business is the requirement of capital and there are five types of capital in the business. They are Human Capital, Social Capital, Natural Capital, Manufactured capital and finance capital. The Finance capital can be further classified as debt capital and equity capital. The debt capital refers to the funds obtained from external sources like bank, debenture holders etc. On the other hand, Equity capital refers to the funds obtained from share holders or owners. The primary responsibility of the management is to create value for the owners and shareholders of the organization. It is widely believed by many experts that the value of the firm is reflected in the share price of the company. It is further argued that the share price of the company is dependent on the dividend payment so logically it can be said that the value of the firm and dividend payment is interrelated. The dividend payment represents that part of the profit of the company that is distr ibuted among shareholders. The dividend payment policy is significant because it affects the capital structure of the company. In this essay, an attempt is made to understand the dividend policy by evaluating the existing theories on dividend policies and their empirical findings. In this paper, an analysis of the statement that the analysts often value the firm depending on its dividend policy is conducted after considering the dividend irrelevance Theory of the Miller and Modigliani. Dividend Policy The Dividend Policy is referred to as the guidelines or set of rules that the company uses to decide the amount of profit it will distribute as dividend to its shareholders (Murto and Tervi 2014). It is the board of director, who declares the quantum of dividend and once it is decided then it becomes the debt of the company and it cannot be easily revoked. The Dividend Policy of the company depends upon various factors like availability of investment opportunity, expectation of future earning, legal obligations, liquidity position of the firm and various other factors. The Dividend Policy of the company can be classified into three categories depending upon the amount of dividend paid and the frequency of such payments. They are Stable Dividend Policy, Constant Dividend Policy and Residual Dividend Policy (Mori and Ikeda 2015). The company following stable dividend policy pays steady dividend every year. It is the most popular dividend policy because it offers shareholders least possible uncertainty about the future dividend level. In Constant Dividend Policy, a fixed percentage of earning is declared as dividend every year. In this system dividend, payment is very volatile because it is directly linked with earning of the company. This dividend policy is not very popular among the companies and shareholders. Lastly, under residual dividend policy the company pays dividend from fund that is left after utilizing them for profitable projects. This dividend policy is helpful for management in taking up various Investment projects but under this policy dividend payment is highly volatile so it may affect the valuation of the firm. Therefore, it is important for management to note that unexpected change in dividend payment may affect the investors perspective of the companys performance hence adversely affecting the value of the firm. Dividend Policy Theories The study of Theories on Dividend Policy is primarily classified into two categories depending upon the relationship between dividend and the value of the firm. According to one school of thought dividend does not affect the value of the firm this view is represented in Miller and Modigliani Dividend irrelevance Theory. The opposite school of thought suggests that the Dividend payment affects the value of the firm, which is supported by dividend relevance Theory of Walter and Gordon (Muneer and Butt 2013). As per Walter model, dividend affects the share price of the company and the formula for calculating it is given below: P = D/k + {r*(E-D)/k}/k P is Market price per share; D is dividend per share; E is earning per share; K is cost of capital; This could be explained with the help of an example, Market rate of discount applicable to the company (K) = 12.5%; EPS of the company = 15.00; Internal Rate of Return (r) = 10%; Dividend paid by the company= Rs. 5.00; Market Price Per share (P) = 5/.125 + {.10 * (15-5)/.125} /.125 = 104 The Model suggested by Gordon also shows that the dividend affects the share price of the company. The formula is given below: P = {EPS * (1-b)} / (k-g) P is Market price per share; EPS is earning per share; b is the retention ratio of the firm; (1-b) is the payout ratio of the firm; K is the cost of capital of the firm; g is the growth rate of the firm; This can be explained with the help of an example, EPS= 15 b=70% k=12% g=10% Then Market price per share as per Gordon model is P= {15 * (1-.70)} / (.12-.10) = 15*.30 / .02 = 225 Differences between Dividend Relevant and Irrelevant Theory The Dividend Relevance Theory argues that dividend policy affects the value of the firm whereas Dividend Irrelevance theory suggests that dividend does not affect the value of the firm. The dividend irrelevance theory puts forth the argument that any increase in the value of the firm because of dividend payment will be set off due to payment made for external financing and hence total wealth of share holder will remain the same. As per the dividend relevance theory forwarded by the Gordon, it argues that investors value current dividend more than future capital appreciation therefore payment of dividend will increase value of the firm. If it is assumed that a company A plans to pay dividend of 10 per share then according to Dividend irrelevance theory the dividend paid will not affect the value of the firm. It is because as the company distributes fund as dividend it has to obtain additional funds from external sources for financing the project therefore there will be increase in int erest payment. On considering the same example for Dividend Relevance the share holder of the company will value more that the dividend is paid hence the value of the firm will appreciate. Dividend Irrelevance Theory of Miller and Modigliani In 1961 Francos Modigliani and Merton Miller they argued that the value of the firm is not affected by the dividend policy developed The Dividend Irrelevance Theory. Prior to this theory was developed it was widely believed that the value of the firm increase with the increase in dividend. This theory challenged the popular opinion and suggests that the value of the firm is not dependent on dividend. It depends on firms ability to earn money and take risks (Miller and Modigliani 1961). The Dividend Irrelevance Theory is based on certain assumptions. Firstly, it is assumed that the Capital Market is perfect. Secondly, it is assumed that there are no taxes. Thirdly, it is assumed that there are no transaction or floatation costs. Fourthly, it is assumed that the company has a fixed investment policy. This theory states that if the company retains earning instead of distributing it as dividend then the shareholders will enjoy capital appreciation equal to the retained earnings. On the other hand, if the company distributes earning as dividend then the shareholders will enjoy dividend equal to the capital appreciation foregone. Hence, this theory concludes that the division of earning between dividend and retained earning does not affect the value of the firm (Rees and Valentincic 2013). Empirical Evidence of the Dividend irrelevant Theory Empirical evidence is the knowledge acquired through observation and experiments. In this section, the empirical evidence relevant to Dividend Irrelevant theory is discussed. Firstly, The Dividend Irrelevant Theory is based on the assumption of perfect capital market but in actual world, the capital market is not perfect. Further, the assumption that the company is not required to pay tax is also unrealistic. This unrealistic assumption makes the theory look unrealistic in the actual work but rejecting the theory outright would be a mistake (Ang et al. 2009). In order to verify the Dividend Irrelevant Theory a study was conducted in 1974 by Black and Scholes to see whether the dividend policy has effect on the value of the firm. To conduct the study 25 companies was chosen from New York Stock Exchange for identifying the relationship between dividend yield and stock return. After the study it was concluded that the dividend yield does not have any effect on stock returns (Lee et al. 2015). So it can be concluded that the result of the study was consistent with the dividend irrelevance theory which states that firms dividend policy does not affect the share price. Conclusion In this essay after going through the Dividend irrelevant Theory and empirical evidences it can be concluded that the theory is not completely correct but the fundamental argument of the theory that share price is not related to dividend policy is valid (Baker and Weigand 2015). Therefore based on the theory and its empirical evidences it can be concluded that the valuation should not be based on dividend policy. Therefore, the statement that Analysts often uses dividend policy to value the firm is correct but it is advised to the analysts that in the light of dividend irrelevance theory this practice should be avoided. Part 2 To: The Directors From: Date: Subject: Analysis of overall business and financial performance of Easy Jet Executive Summary In this report, the annual report of 2015 is analyzed to assess the capital structure of the company. The financial performance of the company is discussed along with the cash flow statement so that the competitive advantage of the company could be ascertained. At last, the SWOT Analysis of the company is conducted in the report so that correct conclusion could be drawn. Introduction Easy Jet is a leading low cost European Airline. It operates in more than 800 routes covering 30 countries across Europe. It started its journey in 1995 and for more than 20 years it has provided high quality flying experience to its customers. The easy Jet has a clear cut competitive advantage because of its network design connecting important cities, its ability to maximize the utilization of assets, advantage on cost and its financial strength (Cattaneo et al. 2016). Key Financial Performance of Easy Jet In this section, the financial performance of the Easy Jet is discussed for the year 2015 based on the Annual Report. On analyzing the Financial Statement of the company it is found that the Revenue per seat of the company has decreased by 13% in 2015 but still it has managed to book profit because it has successfully reduced the cost (Demydyuk 2012). Profitability Ratio The Gross Profit and Net Profit percentage is the profitability indicator which is very useful in determining the operational efficiency of the company (Komala and Nugroho 2013). The Gross Profit of the company has increased by 18.1% in 2015 and the net profit has increased by 21.8% in 2015. The increase in both Gross Profit and Net profit percentage during the year indicates that the company is operating efficiently. Further, it is important to note that the increase in Net profit percentage is higher than the GP percentage that means that the company has significantly reduced its administrative and other costs. It signals to an improved cost management strategy of the company. A statement showing common size statement is prepared. On analyzing the statement it can be seen that the trend of last five years suggests that profitability of the company is reducing. Earnings per Share The earning per share represents that part of the profit that is available for per unit of equity share. The Earning per share is important because it reveals the financial health of the company and an increasing EPS is taken as a positive sign for any company (Brigham and Ehrhardt 2013). In the case of Easy Jet, the Earning per Share has increased by 139.1% in 2015 which is very encouraging. Return on Capital Employed The Return on Capital Employed is an important financial ratio that measures the performance of the company. It also indicates the efficiency with which the company has utilized the capital employed (Brigham and Houston 2012). The return on capital employed of Easy Jet has shown a marginal increase of 1.7% it was 20.5% in 2014 which came to 22.2% in 2015. The reason for such marginal increase in ROCE is due to increase in Capital Employed during the year. Leverage Ratio The financial leverage of a company is best measured by its Gearing ratio which measures the proportion of companys debt to its equity (Petty et al. 2015). In case of Easy Jet the gearing ratio has reduced from 17% in 2014 to 14% in 2015 which shows that in the capital structure the proportion of debt has reduced in 2015. It means that more of the companys assets are financed by owners capital, which is good for solvency but it should also be remembered that it increase the cost of financing. Analysis of Cash Flow Statement The analysis of the Cash Flow statement of the company shows that it has a positive operating cash flow in both 2014 and 2015. The operating cash flow has increased by 55% in 2015 that is a positive sign. The cash Flow from investing activity is negative because of heavy investment made in purchase of 20 aircrafts. It is a positive indicator because it shows that the company has increased its operational capacity. The Cash Flow from Financing Activity has increased and it is positive in 2015 because of decrease in money market deposit. The money market deposit represents the unearned revenue of ticket sold by the Easy Jet so the decrease in 2015 is a positive sign. Financial Risk faced by Easy Jet The financial performance of the Easy Jet is adversely affected because of the companys exposure to variety of risk. There are mainly three types of risk the company is exposed to Market Risk, Counter party risk and liquidity risk. Market Risk The Market Risk faced by the company is due to fluctuation in fuel price, exchange rate and interest rate. It is recommended that the company should appropriately hedge fund so that risk exposure of the company could be reduced. Counterparty Risk The counterparty risk arises due to non-fulfillment of contractual obligation by either party of the contract. The counterparty risk faced by the Easy Jet arises from non-performance of the deposited surplus funds. Liquidity Risk The liquidity risk arises from the inability of the company to meet its current obligations. It may happen due to inappropriate cash planning so it is recommended that cash budget should be prepared and followed. The company has adopted many stringent policies to mitigate the financial risk. The most important among them is that the company has formed a financial committee to monitor the financial activities of the company. Capital Structure The Capital Structure of the company represents the mix of different sources of fund that the company uses to finance its activity and growth (Vasigh et al. 2014). The Capital Structure of the Easy Jet Company includes Shareholders fund, long-term borrowing and money market deposits. The strategy used by the company in maintaining the capital structure is to maximize the return to share holders. As discussed in point 2.4 the company has low capital gearing ratio which implies that the company has low debt in its capital structure. SWOT Analysis The SWOT Analysis is a very useful tool for analyzing the companys strength, weakness, opportunities and threats (Dey 2016). The SWOT Analysis of Easy Jet shows the following: Strength It is a low cost carrier with price almost 50% less than other major carriers. The cost per unit is significantly low so it enjoys a cost advantage. It has a good brand reputation in the market. It provides offers that are reliable. It has successfully developed strong customer loyalty. It has a very effective Corporate Social Responsibility program. The companys ability to generate income from its assets is continuously improving as suggested by Asset Turnover ratio of last 5 years. Return on Investment and Return on Capital employed both are in uptrend which is a positive sign. Weakness The industry is highly competitive. It does not offer free food in the airline. It is not expanding beyond Europe. The Gross profit and Net profit margin of last five years indicates that profitability of the company is in decreasing trend. The idle Current Ratio is 2 but the Current Ratio of the company is continuously decreasing for last 5 years as shown in the table provided in the Appendix. Opportunities It has got large market to expand. It could improve the framework for operation. It could enter into agreement with Airports. Threats The airport fess is increasing. The increase in competitors. The financial leverage indicates more than half of the asset is financed by funds from external sources. As a result there is a huge interest payment, the company has to bear as a result there is a threat of insolvency of the company. Cash and Cash equivalent is in decreasing trend as shown in common size statement it indicates a threat of liquidity of the company. Pestle Analysis: PESTEL Analysis is a framework that is used to analyze the external environment of the organization. PESTEL stands for Political, Economical, Social, Technological, Environmental, legal factors. It is important to assess the impact of these factors in order to ascertain the impact it has on business strategy and performance in future. The PESTEL analysis of easy jet is provided below. Political There are no proactive political will to increase airport capacity across Europe. The crisis of British exiting European Union (BREXIT) has affected the business and commerce across Europe, reducing the demand of easy Jet. Since 9/11, cancellations of flight due to terrorist threats have been a cause of major loss. The Euro zone crisis has made the entire economy vulnerable as a result affecting the airline industry. Economics The increase in fuel price affects the profitability of the airlines. It is estimated that approximately the fuel bill will decline by 140 million till the end of 30th September 2016. This estimate is based on current market price. The regional airports are the main operating ground for low cost carriers. The rapid growth of regional airports that was earlier seen has slowed down resulting in decrease in demand. The crisis has economically slowed down Europe affecting the business of Easy Jet. Social In spite of crisis and economic slowdown it is expected that business travelers will increase. Europe continues to be favorite tourist destination for international tourists. The flight network of easy jet connects all major cities therefore, it stands to gain from increase in tourism. Technological The technological environment of the industry is rapidly changing and easy jet has always maintained its pace with the change. The company has planned to acquire 36 aircrafts out of which 30 are next generation highly technologically advanced A320 aircrafts. Environmental The Governments are likely to increase regulations regarding carbon emission due to the ever increasing problem of Global warming. The company acknowledges that its major impact on environment is carbon emission therefore it has set a target to reduce carbon emission per passenger to 8% by 2020 and it has already achieved 3% Legal The open sky agreement provides more access to US to enter into European markets increasing the competition. There is little or no resistance to merger approvals among airlines. There is a limitation of foreign participants which is 49% it does not includes participants from US. Competition Analysis The primary competitor of Easy Jet is Ryan air because both are biggest budget airlines of Europe. In this section a competitive analysis is conducted to understand the position of easy jet as compared to its primary competitor. Table Showing Comparison between Easy Jet and Ryan Air Particulars Easy Jet Ryan Air Bases 26 70 Airports 135 186 Routes 755 1600 Flights per day 1205 1438 Passenger per year (million) 64.8 81.7 Load factor 89% 86% Aircrafts 230 312 Easy Jets 9649 9501 Current Ratio 0.72 1.72 Quick Ratio 0.66 1.45 Financial Leverage 2.15 3.02 Debt/Equity 0.14 1.01 In terms of operational outreach as represented by bases, airports and routes in which operations are conducted it is seen that easy jet is clearly in a competitively disadvantageous position over Ryan Air. The Ryan Air also operates more flight per day thus providing it another useful advantage over Easy Jet. The occupancy rate of Easy Jet is high that is a positive sign. The Easy Jet has less aircrafts and it operates in less routes but it has more staff thus indicating that cost per route of easy Jet is more than Ryan Air. As can be seen from the table above in terms of key ratios the position of Ryan Air is far better than Easy Jet. Conclusion In this report after analyzing all the factors in SWOT and PESTEL analysis it can be said that The Easy Jet enjoys a competitive advantage due to its capital structure. The company manages debt very cautiously because it uses more own capital in financing project than using debt capital which is evident by low capital gearing ratio. In conclusion it can be said that the overall financial condition of Easy Jet looks very bright and the future prospect of the company looks very promising. The only recommendation is that company may consider in using more borrowed capital mix so that it could reduce its cost of financing. References Brigham, E.F. and Ehrhardt, M.C., 2013.Financial management: Theory practice. Cengage Learning. Brigham, E.F. and Houston, J.F., 2012.Fundamentals of financial management. Cengage Learning. Cattaneo, M., Malighetti, P., Morlotti, C. and Redondi, R., 2016. Quantity price discrimination in the air transport industry: The easyJet case.Journal of Air Transport Management,54, pp.1-8. Dey, K., 2016.SWOT Analysis of the EasyJet Airline Company. Komala, L.A.P. and Nugroho, P.I., 2013. The Effects of Profitability Ratio, Liquidity, and Debt towards Investment Return.Journal of Business and Economics,4(11), pp.1176-1186. Petty, J.W., Titman, S., Keown, A.J., Martin, P., Martin, J.D. and Burrow, M., 2015.Financial management: Principles and applications. Pearson Higher Education AU. Vasigh, B., Fleming, K. and Humphreys, B., 2014.Foundations of airline finance: Methodology and practice. Routledge. Demydyuk, G., 2012. Optimal financial key performance indicators: evidence from the airline industry.Accounting Taxation,4(1), pp.39-51. Bibliography Ang, J.S., Ciccone, S.J. and Baker, H.K., 2009. Dividend irrelevance theory.Dividends and Dividend Policy, pp.95-113. Baker, H.K. and Weigand, R., 2015. Corporate dividend policy revisited.Managerial Finance,41(2), pp.126-144. Lee, C.F., Gupta, M.C., Chen, H.Y. and Lee, A.C., 2015. Optimal payout ratio under uncertainty and the flexibility hypothesis: Theory and empirical evidence. InHandbook of Financial Econometrics and Statistics(pp. 2135-2176). Springer New York. Miller, M.H. and Modigliani, F., 1961. Dividend policy, growth, and the valuation of shares.the Journal of Business,34(4), pp.411-433. Mori, N. and Ikeda, N., 2015. Majority support of shareholders, monitoring incentive, and dividend policy.Journal of Corporate Finance,30, pp.1-10. Muneer, S. and Butt, B.Z., 2013. Dividend signaling power on organizations' future earnings: a brief review of dividend theories.  , (3), pp.380-387. Murto, P. and Tervi, M., 2014. Exit options and dividend policy under liquidity constraints.International Economic Review,55(1), pp.197-221. Rees, W. and Valentincic, A., 2013. Dividend irrelevance and accounting models of value.Journal of Business Finance Accounting,40(5-6), pp.646-672.

Comps Counseling Essay Samples - Overview

Comps Counseling Essay Samples - Overview Type of Comps Counseling Essay Samples The confidentiality of the customer has to be assured in any way times. It is essential that the customer has to be in a position to recognize the things that they have done or has to be accomplished. If necessary, provide an intervention to help the customer improve or get much better. He must feel that I am honest and trustworthy. What Is So Fascinating About Comps Counseling Essay Samples? Counselors often work independently, but sometimes they may speak to other counselors about things, and they can speak to students independently, or in little groups. In the majority of schools there is a minumum of one counselor. Counseling is normally defined as an expert relationship between a customer and a counselor to empower various varieties of individuals, families, and groups as a way to attain a wholesome mind, wellness, education, and career objectives. Community counseling can be found in tow n and out of town for assorted issues to help families which are struggling. During counseling, it is necessary to understand and understand the dangers that are inherent in transference and countertransference, when it's ignored or denied. Thus, the resource broker indeed has a crucial role in school counseling. While Christian counseling might have a unique general goal than RCCT, CBT, or REBT, this doesn't indicate that Christian counseling cannot use a few of the concepts of the other procedures. It seems to have the more effective strategy when it comes to helping clients improve their lives and mindset for the long term. The Benefits of Comps Counseling Essay Samples The purpose of employee counseling is to have the worker to overcome their problems and issues in an acceptable method. Informed consent is typically a legal condition that someone can be thought to have agreed upon by giving their consent based on appreciation and their comprehension of the facts and implications of the actions they'll be receiving. It's integral to the results of t reatment that the client is contained in their solution. Moreover, a person could work from home rather than going to a particular workplace. The Most Popular Comps Counseling Essay Samples It is essential that goals need to be achievable, simple goals in the first place and boost their level of difficulty so success comes the manner of the customer. This means it is rather challenging choosing a career for an individual with interest in virtually all of the six persona types, but it's easier choosing a career for a person who has interest in two or three of the persona types. The setting needs to be private and the exact same every session. The intent of doing this is going to be to help the children dream about a range of career futures without necessarily focusing on a single career at this time. Details of Comps Counseling Essay Samples Knowing the fundamental rules of work with this kind of student teacher can enhance their opportunity to learn much better. Only one of your references may incorporate an expert colleague. Frequently, students will need to comprehend why things happen the manner which they do. Homeless students It's important to keep in mind that bodily and mental comforts are extremely important things in student's life. Comps Counseling Essay Samples for Dummies Following that, teachers can make use of these tasks to produce transitions more efficient and to raise proficiency at performing those very same high-p tasks. Students have to finish a minimum of 3 subtests. These programs are a basic part of the academic mission of the school and co-relate with them at each level. Also, it may be asked to take a 1-year teacher education plan which is offered because most 4-year colleges. Strategies for Writing Application Essays If you're totally free to compose your application essay on any topic, select a topic that's ideal for you. This list will describe the help of a school-counseling program. The sole aim of these artic les and sample papers is simply to provide our clients with an idea about our services until they place an order. This intake form records data about the customer's general background together with the nature of their existing matter. Rumors, Deception and Comps Counseling Essay Samples Counselors typically select a theory or perspective which suits their preference. The developmental counseling form ought to be properly answered in a crystal clear manner with legible handwriting. I am certain that eventually I would have the ability to relax and be more confident. Their significance may not be undermined in any kind of social profession since they act as the foundation builders to the young minds. In case the passing percentage for the full examination is less than 70% then the whole comprehensive examination has to be retaken. The impacts of high-p request sequences are examined. Counseling covers lots of fields like the army or the military field. Standardized Psycholo gical Assessment is believed to be among the most prosperous result bearing assessments.

Essay Writing Tips - How to Write the Best Answers For Why Did You Choose This Topic For Paper

Essay Writing Tips - How to Write the Best Answers For Why Did You Choose This Topic For PaperThere are many reasons why you might want to write an essay about why did you choose this topic for a paper. There could be a lot of reasons that have nothing to do with class or in any way affect your performance in the class. It can be an exercise, a need for personal fulfillment, or it could be as simple as you really enjoyed this topic and you wanted to see how well you could do.The whole set up of using this type of essay is to figure out what will be the most relevant and useful information to the assignment. You want to make sure that you put the right kind of information in the essay and make sure that the reason for writing it is honest and true.The best answers for why did you choose this topic for paper can come from several different sources. One is to work through a lesson plan you have. Another would be to find someone that has already written a similar assignment and ask for a n outline or source of information. Once you are able to gather these things you can go over the assignments and pick the best ones.It is always a good idea to have a focus in mind that you want to cover on the assignment. This can be a topic you enjoy or maybe you really want to look at the origins of the world. The last thing you want to do is just copying a common topic because you can probably do better.Keep in mind that writing essays of this type does take a little bit of time. You may have some free time on your hands so you might want to take some notes or jot down questions that come to mind while you are writing. You may also need to leave spaces in between each question to make sure that you give a good balance of structure and organization.The best answers for why did you choose this topic for paper can also come from the examples that you will give to help you get your point across. In addition to these examples you should also work with your sources. Getting quotes fro m other people who have written similar things about the same topics can also be a big help.Have faith that when you finish writing it is going to be something that people will want to use. While a lot of essays that are used for reference or assignments tend to get thrown away because they are not used, the fact is that most of the best essays are picked up by students who already know about the topics. This means that there is a good chance that your essays can be picked up by someone else.As long as you have given yourself a good structure and writing habits, the best answers for why did you choose this topic for paper can come from various sources. Start out with the assignments you have and give them some consideration before you begin. This will be more time consuming but will also be an effective way to develop a skill for writing and essay writing.

Essay Writing - Using Suffering and Emotion to Create Strong Argumentation

Essay Writing - Using Suffering and Emotion to Create Strong ArgumentationWhen you are writing an argumentative essay, the word 'Suffering' can give you a lot of negative connotations. You may not realize that even if you are writing an argumentative essay, it is still possible to present a good argument in your essay as well.I think you should be realistic about what it means to suffer when you have exceptional events occur. For example, a loved one passes away. You may find yourself experiencing a range of emotions that range from grief to anger to sadness to fear to anger again and so on. Or you may experience all of these emotions and more.Now we can think about the pain that has been brought on by this occasion and the anguish that has been placed upon you. But let's take a look at some thoughts about the meaning of suffering and some ways to help your argument about this issue in your essay. Suffering, as we all know, means being subjected to pain and suffering and experiencing other forms of abuse. And that is what we are talking about when we talk about suffering.Understanding these ideas is very important for you to know. The way I see it, when you write your essay on suffering and you fail to use a different way of presenting the same issue, you are just putting down the mental framework that the writer of your essay has created. And that writer has probably placed all of the various types of feeling and the various types of emotion on suffering and just labeled it as such. The truth is, all feelings and emotions exist on a spectrum. Some are much more extreme than others and you need to recognize the fact that all feelings and emotions exist on a spectrum.This makes sense when you are discussing the plight of veterans and the essence of the human condition iswhen people feel as though they have been treated unfairly. Or when someone feels that they are treated badly when they are born in a poor country. What you need to understand is that the existen ce of the feeling does not make it true or accurate to describe the situation as suffering.So if you are having trouble with using the right words to describe the topic, let me help you out. Suffering can mean several things to you. Let's say that you feel like you are being abused and you are really getting nowhere trying to handle your feelings and you are actually being hurt by this situation.The most appropriate way to describe that situation is that the sufferer of the abuse is suffering. Suffering is something that exists on a spectrum.

Sample Persuasive Essay on Smoking

Sample Persuasive Essay on SmokingA sample persuasive essay on smoking may seem like a frivolous item to you, but many teachers and professors consider it as an important, persuasive tool in their college curriculum. Not to mention a more effective tool than most students would use in writing their own paper. The truth is that writing the persuasive essay is not hard, but many students could benefit from following the tips provided below.Think carefully about the content. Write the persuasive essay by the word count, which means to keep it to one or two hundred words. When the entire content becomes too long, it does not become effective. It is important to distinguish the subject matter of the paper from the way it is presented. While writing a persuasive essay on smoking, it is important to make sure that you concentrate on the facts and avoid using psychological persuasion techniques.Write in paragraphs. This gives the essay a stronger outline. After every paragraph, write an endi ng. Remember that one of the most powerful and effective persuasive tools in writing is the ending of the article. Make the last paragraph compelling enough for the reader to retain your information for a longer period of time.Read as much as you can. Asking yourself if you have read enough materials about smoking is important. The more you know about the subject, the better. Be conscious of the bias that you have and try to eliminate it by knowing all the facts you need to know. The reason is that knowledge will empower you and help you know things that the student who does not know the facts would be unable to do.Give it some editing. The persuasive essay is not written with a deadline, so its editing should be done while still in progress. Remember that students get stuck in the article flow and in editing, they become sloppy. Read the entire article and remove sentences that do not add anything useful. Consider also adjusting the time frame.Promote your content. Write positive s tatements in your copy and make sure that the concluding paragraph has an opportunity to promote your content. Try to make your information stick to the reader's mind through repetition.Keep the final conclusions in mind. The final conclusion is where you place a call to action. The ultimate purpose of writing the persuasive essay is to generate ideas and thoughts that are more powerful than the items that are left out. The best persuasive essay you can write is one that would motivate the reader to take action and to change their lives.A persuasive essay on smoking is not a difficult exercise. With these simple tips, you can write an effective and persuasive essay on smoking and do it in a span of one week or less.

Spina bifida Essay Example For Students

Spina bifida Essay Spina Bifida is a Latin term meaning split spine. It is the name given to a group of birth defects, which interfere with the development of the central nervous system: the brain, the spinal cord and the nerve tissues.It results from the failure of the spine to close properly during the first month of pregnancy. In severe cases, the spinal cord protrudes through the back and may be covered by skin or a thin membrane. Surgery to close a newborns back is generally performed within 24 hours after birth to minimize the risk of infection and to preserve existing function in the spinal cord. Because of the paralysis resulting from the damage to the spinal cord, people born with spina bifida may need surgeries and other extensive medical care. The condition can also cause bowel and bladder complications. We will write a custom essay on Spina bifida specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now A large percentage of children born with spina bifida also have hydrocephalus, the accumulation of fluid in the brain. Hydrocephalus is controlled by a surgical procedure called shunting which relieves the fluid build up in the brain by redirecting it into the abdominal area. Most children born with spina bifida live well into adulthood as a result of todays sophisticated medical techniques. Recent studies have shown that one factor that increases the risk of having an neural tube defect baby is low folic acid status before conception and during the first few weeks of pregnancy. If all women of childbearing age were to consume 0.4 mg of folic acid prior to becoming pregnant and during the first trimester of pregnancy, the incidence of folic acid preventable spina bifida and anencephaly could be reduced by up to 75%! Firstly do NOT diet during pregnancy or while you are trying to conceive without seeking medical advice. It affects fertility, and may take important nutrients from your baby. Foods you should consider giving up or reducing intakes of include canned fish, soft cheeses, and packaged/junk foods. You should pay careful attention to local warnings about fish in your area. Fish is a healthy food for pregnancy as long as it is not contaminated. In spina bifida, at some point along the spine the outer part of the vertebrae (the bones of the spine) are not completely joined. In more severe forms of spina bifida, the spinal cord and covering protrude through the opening. Within a few days of birth, the site of the lesion on the back is operated on to ensure that it has a good skin covering. This is performed to stop infection and also for cosmetic reasons. To prevent spina bifida, insertion of a shunt to drain excess brain fluid, bracing and surgery to achieve standing and walking. Early and aggressive physical therapy to improve range of motion and to promote normal motor development, bowel and bladder management programs, sometimes including intermittent catheterization, and psychological counseling to monitor the childs mental status and emotional development. Bibliography:

Malnutrition essay essays

Malnutrition essay essays a) Nutrition is perhaps the most important factor, which affects the health of a person. The body needs a balanced amount of nutrients and energy for its survival and is essential for good health. A balanced diet is needed and it takes into account six different food components which are proteins, fats, carbohydrates, vitamins, minerals, fibres and water. The needs may depend on your gender, your age, your life type, you health conditions and so on. Intakes of energy and nutrients below or in excess of needs for a prolonged period of time can adversely affect health. Malnutrition is a term which covers problems of both under nutrition and over nutrition. b) Malnutrition and Social conditions Malnutrition does not only arise because of insufficient or too much nutrient intake. The problem may also occur because of the society where for example there is a population growth which may lead to insufficient food supply for part of the population. During war time, a similar situation is possible. But these are not the only ways malnutrition can occur in social conditions; teenage girls often have a problem with their body and go on diets and become either anorexic or bulimic or even both. This is a serious case nowadays since the young part of the population is deeply involved with it and serious troubles are caused. It may lead to psychological problems. Malnutrition and Economical conditions Malnutrition is also a cause of a poor economy where people do not have the money to buy food and because of that end up having an unbalanced diet. The real problem is money. Food is available, but people can't afford it. We need real development and income-generating projects. Poor people live on the basic commodities such as bread, tea, sugar and rice. Vegetables and meat are too expensive for them, assistant to the secretary general of the Ministry of Agriculture, Salim Akour, told the Jordan Times at the si ...